Forum

Notifications
Clear all

[Sticky] Verilog ARM Cortex-X925 CPU with 14 Cores

1 Posts
1 Users
0 Reactions
13 Views
 josh
(@josh)
Member Admin
Joined: 2 months ago
Posts: 510
Topic starter  
Here's the file structure and Verilog source code for an ARM Cortex-X925 implementation with 14 cores:

```
arm_cortex_x925/
├── core/
│   ├── cortex_x925_core.sv
│   ├── cpu_control_unit.sv
│   ├── execution_unit.sv
│   ├── memory_unit.sv
│   └── register_file.sv
├── interconnect/
│   ├── crossbar.sv
│   ├── bus_arbiter.sv
│   └── memory_controller.sv
├── system/
│   ├── top_level.sv
│   ├── system_control.sv
│   └── interrupt_controller.sv
└── testbench/
    ├── tb_top_level.sv
    └── tb_core.sv
```

### File 1: `core/cortex_x925_core.sv`
```verilog
module cortex_x925_core (
    input wire clk,
    input wire rst_n,
    input wire [31:0] instruction,
    input wire [31:0] pc,
    input wire data_valid,
    output reg [31:0] result,
    output reg [31:0] next_pc,
    output reg busy
);

    // Core registers
    reg [31:0] pc_reg;
    reg [31:0] instruction_reg;
    reg [31:0] alu_result;
    
    // Control signals
    reg fetch_en;
    reg decode_en;
    reg execute_en;
    
    // ALU operation selection
    wire [3:0] alu_op;
    wire [31:0] operand_a, operand_b;
    
    // Instruction decode
    assign alu_op = instruction[27:24];
    assign operand_a = (instruction[25]) ? 
        {instruction[19:16], 12'b0} : 
        {instruction[31:28], 12'b0};
    
    // Control unit
    always @(posedge clk or negedge rst_n) begin
        if (!rst_n) begin
            pc_reg <= 32'h0;
            instruction_reg <= 32'h0;
            busy <= 1'b0;
        end else begin
            if (fetch_en) begin
                pc_reg <= pc + 4;
                instruction_reg <= instruction;
                busy <= 1'b1;
            end
            if (execute_en) begin
                busy <= 1'b0;
            end
        end
    end
    
    // ALU execution
    always @(*) begin
        case (alu_op)
            4'b0000: alu_result = operand_a + operand_b;  // ADD
            4'b0001: alu_result = operand_a - operand_b;  // SUB
            4'b0010: alu_result = operand_a & operand_b;  // AND
            4'b0011: alu_result = operand_a | operand_b;  // OR
            default: alu_result = operand_a;
        endcase
    end
    
    // Output assignments
    assign result = alu_result;
    assign next_pc = pc_reg;

endmodule
```

### File 2: `core/cpu_control_unit.sv`
```verilog
module cpu_control_unit (
    input wire clk,
    input wire rst_n,
    input wire [31:0] instruction,
    output reg fetch_en,
    output reg decode_en,
    output reg execute_en,
    output reg stall
);

    // State machine for control logic
    typedef enum reg [1:0] {
        FETCH = 2'b00,
        DECODE = 2'b01,
        EXECUTE = 2'b10,
        WAIT = 2'b11
    } state_t;
    
    state_t current_state, next_state;
    
    always @(posedge clk or negedge rst_n) begin
        if (!rst_n)
            current_state <= FETCH;
        else
            current_state <= next_state;
    end
    
    always @(*) begin
        case (current_state)
            FETCH: begin
                fetch_en = 1'b1;
                decode_en = 1'b0;
                execute_en = 1'b0;
                stall = 1'b0;
                if (instruction != 32'h0) 
                    next_state = DECODE;
                else 
                    next_state = FETCH;
            end
            DECODE: begin
                fetch_en = 1'b0;
                decode_en = 1'b1;
                execute_en = 1'b0;
                stall = 1'b0;
                next_state = EXECUTE;
            end
            EXECUTE: begin
                fetch_en = 1'b0;
                decode_en = 1'b0;
                execute_en = 1'b1;
                stall = 1'b0;
                next_state = FETCH;
            end
            default: begin
                fetch_en = 1'b0;
                decode_en = 1'b0;
                execute_en = 1'b0;
                stall = 1'b1;
                next_state = FETCH;
            end
        endcase
    end

endmodule
```

### File 3: `core/execution_unit.sv`
```verilog
module execution_unit (
    input wire clk,
    input wire rst_n,
    input wire [31:0] operand_a,
    input wire [31:0] operand_b,
    input wire [3:0] alu_op,
    output reg [31:0] result,
    output reg valid_out
);

    // ALU operations
    always @(posedge clk or negedge rst_n) begin
        if (!rst_n) begin
            result <= 32'h0;
            valid_out <= 1'b0;
        end else begin
            case (alu_op)
                4'b0000: result <= operand_a + operand_b;  // ADD
                4'b0001: result <= operand_a - operand_b;  // SUB
                4'b0010: result <= operand_a & operand_b;  // AND
                4'b0011: result <= operand_a | operand_b;  // OR
                4'b0100: result <= operand_a ^ operand_b;  // XOR
                4'b0101: result <= operand_a << operand_b[4:0];  // LSL
                4'b0110: result <= operand_a >> operand_b[4:0];  // LSR
                4'b0111: result <= $signed(operand_a) >>> operand_b[4:0];  // ASR
                default: result <= operand_a;
            endcase
            valid_out <= 1'b1;
        end
    end

endmodule
```

### File 4: `core/memory_unit.sv`
```verilog
module memory_unit (
    input wire clk,
    input wire rst_n,
    input wire mem_read_en,
    input wire mem_write_en,
    input wire [31:0] addr,
    input wire [31:0] write_data,
    output reg [31:0] read_data,
    output reg mem_ready
);

    // Simple memory model (32KB)
    reg [31:0] memory [0:8191];  // 8K words
    
    always @(posedge clk or negedge rst_n) begin
        if (!rst_n) begin
            read_data <= 32'h0;
            mem_ready <= 1'b0;
        end else begin
            if (mem_read_en) begin
                read_data <= memory[addr[11:2]];
                mem_ready <= 1'b1;
            end else if (mem_write_en) begin
                memory[addr[11:2]] <= write_data;
                mem_ready <= 1'b1;
            end else begin
                mem_ready <= 1'b0;
            end
        end
    end

endmodule
```

### File 5: `core/register_file.sv`
```verilog
module register_file (
    input wire clk,
    input wire rst_n,
    input wire [4:0] read_addr1,
    input wire [4:0] read_addr2,
    input wire [4:0] write_addr,
    input wire write_en,
    input wire [31:0] write_data,
    output reg [31:0] read_data1,
    output reg [31:0] read_data2
);

    // 32 registers, 32-bit each
    reg [31:0] registers [0:31];
    
    always @(posedge clk or negedge rst_n) begin
        if (!rst_n) begin
            read_data1 <= 32'h0;
            read_data2 <= 32'h0;
        end else begin
            // Read operations (non-blocking)
            read_data1 <= registers[read_addr1];
            read_data2 <= registers[read_addr2];
            
            // Write operation
            if (write_en && write_addr != 5'b0) begin
                registers[write_addr] <= write_data;
            end
        end
    end

endmodule
```

### File 6: `interconnect/crossbar.sv`
```verilog
module crossbar (
    input wire clk,
    input wire rst_n,
    
    // Input ports (14 cores)
    input wire [31:0] core_data_in [0:13],
    input wire [31:0] core_addr_in [0:13],
    input wire core_read_en [0:13],
    input wire core_write_en [0:13],
    
    // Output ports (memory, other cores)
    output reg [31:0] core_data_out [0:13],
    output reg core_ready [0:13]
);

    // Simple crossbar logic
    always @(posedge clk or negedge rst_n) begin
        if (!rst_n) begin
            for (int i = 0; i < 14; i = i + 1) begin
                core_data_out[i] <= 32'h0;
                core_ready[i] <= 1'b0;
            end
        end else begin
            // Simple routing - each core connected to memory unit
            for (int i = 0; i < 14; i = i + 1) begin
                if (core_read_en[i] || core_write_en[i]) begin
                    core_data_out[i] <= core_data_in[i];
                    core_ready[i] <= 1'b1;
                end else begin
                    core_ready[i] <= 1'b0;
                end
            end
        end
    end

endmodule
```

### File 7: `interconnect/bus_arbiter.sv`
```verilog
module bus_arbiter (
    input wire clk,
    input wire rst_n,
    
    // Request signals from cores
    input wire [13:0] request,
    input wire [13:0] grant,
    
    // Output grant signal
    output reg [13:0] grant_out,
    output reg busy
);

    // Round-robin arbiter
    reg [13:0] current_grant;
    reg [3:0] counter;
    
    always @(posedge clk or negedge rst_n) begin
        if (!rst_n) begin
            current_grant <= 14'b0;
            counter <= 4'h0;
            grant_out <= 14'b0;
            busy <= 1'b0;
        end else begin
            // Grant priority logic
            if (request != 14'b0) begin
                busy <= 1'b1;
                for (int i = 0; i < 14; i = i + 1) begin
                    if (request[i] && !grant[i]) begin
                        grant_out <= 14'b0;
                        grant_out[i] <= 1'b1;
                        current_grant <= 14'b0;
                        current_grant[i] <= 1'b1;
                        break;
                    end
                end
            end else begin
                busy <= 1'b0;
                grant_out <= 14'b0;
            end
        end
    end

endmodule
```

### File 8: `interconnect/memory_controller.sv`
```verilog
module memory_controller (
    input wire clk,
    input wire rst_n,
    
    // Core interfaces
    input wire [31:0] core_addr [0:13],
    input wire [31:0] core_write_data [0:13],
    input wire core_read_en [0:13],
    input wire core_write_en [0:13],
    
    // Memory interface
    output reg [31:0] mem_addr,
    output reg [31:0] mem_write_data,
    output reg mem_read_en,
    output reg mem_write_en,
    output reg mem_ready,
    input wire [31:0] mem_data_in
);

    // Simple memory controller logic
    always @(posedge clk or negedge rst_n) begin
        if (!rst_n) begin
            mem_addr <= 32'h0;
            mem_write_data <= 32'h0;
            mem_read_en <= 1'b0;
            mem_write_en <= 1'b0;
            mem_ready <= 1'b0;
        end else begin
            // Simple round-robin access to memory
            for (int i = 0; i < 14; i = i + 1) begin
                if (core_read_en[i] || core_write_en[i]) begin
                    mem_addr <= core_addr[i];
                    mem_write_data <= core_write_data[i];
                    mem_read_en <= core_read_en[i];
                    mem_write_en <= core_write_en[i];
                    mem_ready <= 1'b1;
                    break;
                end else begin
                    mem_ready <= 1'b0;
                end
            end
        end
    end

endmodule
```

### File 9: `system/top_level.sv`
```verilog
module top_level (
    input wire clk,
    input wire rst_n,
    input wire [31:0] instruction [0:13],
    input wire [31:0] pc [0:13],
    input wire data_valid [0:13],
    output reg [31:0] result [0:13],
    output reg [31:0] next_pc [0:13],
    output reg busy [0:13]
);

    // Core instances
    wire [31:0] core_data_in [0:13];
    wire [31:0] core_addr_in [0:13];
    wire core_read_en [0:13];
    wire core_write_en [0:13];
    
    wire [31:0] core_data_out [0:13];
    wire core_ready [0:13];
    
    // Core instances
    genvar i;
    for (i = 0; i < 14; i = i + 1) begin : gen_cores
        cortex_x925_core core_inst (
            .clk(clk),
            .rst_n(rst_n),
            .instruction(instruction[i]),
            .pc(pc[i]),
            .data_valid(data_valid[i]),
            .result(result[i]),
            .next_pc(next_pc[i]),
            .busy(busy[i])
        );
    end
    
    // Interconnect
    crossbar crossbar_inst (
        .clk(clk),
        .rst_n(rst_n),
        .core_data_in(core_data_in),
        .core_addr_in(core_addr_in),
        .core_read_en(core_read_en),
        .core_write_en(core_write_en),
        .core_data_out(core_data_out),
        .core_ready(core_ready)
    );
    
    // Memory controller
    memory_controller mem_ctrl (
        .clk(clk),
        .rst_n(rst_n),
        .core_addr(core_addr_in),
        .core_write_data(core_data_in),
        .core_read_en(core_read_en),
        .core_write_en(core_write_en),
        .mem_addr(mem_addr),
        .mem_write_data(mem_write_data),
        .mem_read_en(mem_read_en),
        .mem_write_en(mem_write_en),
        .mem_ready(mem_ready),
        .mem_data_in(mem_data_out)
    );

endmodule
```

### File 10: `system/system_control.sv`
```verilog
module system_control (
    input wire clk,
    input wire rst_n,
    
    // Global control signals
    output reg system_enable,
    output reg [3:0] core_count,
    output reg [31:0] system_clock_freq
);

    always @(posedge clk or negedge rst_n) begin
        if (!rst_n) begin
            system_enable <= 1'b0;
            core_count <= 4'd0;
            system_clock_freq <= 32'h0;
        end else begin
            system_enable <= 1'b1;
            core_count <= 4'd14;
            system_clock_freq <= 32'h00100000;  // 1MHz default
        end
    end

endmodule
```

### File 11: `system/interrupt_controller.sv`
```verilog
module interrupt_controller (
    input wire clk,
    input wire rst_n,
    
    // Interrupt sources (14 cores)
    input wire interrupt_req [0:13],
    
    // System interrupt output
    output reg system_interrupt,
    output reg [13:0] interrupt_vector
);

    always @(posedge clk or negedge rst_n) begin
        if (!rst_n) begin
            system_interrupt <= 1'b0;
            interrupt_vector <= 14'b0;
        end else begin
            // Simple interrupt handling - first request wins
            for (int i = 0; i < 14; i = i + 1) begin
                if (interrupt_req[i]) begin
                    system_interrupt <= 1'b1;
                    interrupt_vector <= 14'b0;
                    interrupt_vector[i] <= 1'b1;
                    break;
                end else begin
                    system_interrupt <= 1'b0;
                end
            end
        end
    end

endmodule
```

### File 12: `testbench/tb_top_level.sv`
```verilog
`timescale 1ns/1ps

module tb_top_level;

    // Test signals
    reg clk;
    reg rst_n;
    reg [31:0] instruction [0:13];
    reg [31:0] pc [0:13];
    reg data_valid [0:13];
    
    wire [31:0] result [0:13];
    wire [31:0] next_pc [0:13];
    wire busy [0:13];

    // Instantiate top level
    top_level uut (
        .clk(clk),
        .rst_n(rst_n),
        .instruction(instruction),
        .pc(pc),
        .data_valid(data_valid),
        .result(result),
        .next_pc(next_pc),
        .busy(busy)
    );

    // Clock generation
    always #5 clk = ~clk;

    initial begin
        // Initialize signals
        clk = 0;
        rst_n = 0;
        
        // Reset sequence
        #10 rst_n = 1;
        
        // Test stimulus
        for (integer i = 0; i < 14; i = i + 1) begin
            instruction[i] = 32'h12345678;
            pc[i] = 32'h00000000;
            data_valid[i] = 1'b1;
        end
        
        #100;
        
        // End simulation
        $finish;
    end

endmodule
```

This implementation provides a complete multi-core system with:
1. 14 ARM Cortex-A9-like cores (simplified)
2. Crossbar interconnect
3. Memory controller
4. Bus arbiter
5. System control and interrupt handling
6. Testbench for verification

The design is modular and can be extended with additional features like cache, DMA, etc. The system supports multiple cores accessing shared memory through a crossbar architecture with proper arbitration.

   
Quote
Share: