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Verilog 512-Bit Bus RAM DDR5

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 josh
(@josh)
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Joined: 2 months ago
Posts: 510
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Here's the Verilog source code for a high-speed, 512-bit bus RAM memory controller with DDR5-like performance:

### File Structure:
```
memory_controller/
├── src/
│   ├── memory_controller.v
│   ├── ram_512x512.v
│   ├── memory_controller_pkg.v
│   ├── ddr5_interface.v
│   └── clocking_module.v
├── tb/
│   ├── memory_controller_tb.v
│   ├── testbench_pkg.v
│   └── memory_testbench.v
├── sim/
│   ├── run_simulation.sh
│   └── compile.do
└── docs/
    └── memory_controller_spec.md
```

### 1. `memory_controller_pkg.v` - Package with high-speed DDR5-like definitions:
```verilog
// memory_controller_pkg.v
package memory_controller_pkg;
    
    // DDR5-like specifications
    parameter ADDR_WIDTH = 32;           // 32-bit address bus
    parameter DATA_WIDTH = 512;          // 512-bit data bus (DDR5)
    parameter WORD_SIZE = DATA_WIDTH/8;  // Bytes per word
    
    // Memory controller states
    parameter IDLE     = 4'b0000;
    parameter READ     = 4'b0001;
    parameter WRITE    = 4'b0010;
    parameter WAIT     = 4'b0011;
    parameter PRECHARGE = 4'b0100;
    
    // DDR5 command types
    parameter CMD_READ   = 1'b0;
    parameter CMD_WRITE  = 1'b1;
    parameter CMD_PRE    = 1'b0;
    parameter CMD_ACT    = 1'b1;
    
    // DDR5 timing parameters (approximate)
    parameter TCK = 1;                   // Clock cycle time (in simulation units)
    parameter CAS_LATENCY = 16;          // CAS latency
    parameter RCD = 12;                  // RCD delay
    parameter RP = 10;                   // Precharge time
    
    // Address mapping for DDR5
    typedef struct {
        logic [ADDR_WIDTH-1:0] addr;
        logic [DATA_WIDTH-1:0] data;
        logic [63:0] byte_en;      // Byte enable for 512-bit bus (64 bytes)
        logic we;
        logic valid;
        logic [3:0] bank;
    } memory_request_t;
    
    typedef struct {
        logic [DATA_WIDTH-1:0] data;
        logic valid;
        logic error;
        logic [3:0] bank;
    } memory_response_t;
    
    // DDR5 interface signals
    typedef enum logic [1:0] {
        DDR_IDLE,
        DDR_ACTIVE,
        DDR_READING,
        DDR_WRITING
    } ddr_state_e;
    
endpackage
```

### 2. `ram_512x512.v` - High-speed 512-word x 512-bit RAM with DDR5-like features:
```verilog
// ram_512x512.v
module ram_512x512 (
    input wire clk_p,
    input wire clk_n,
    input wire rst_n,
    input wire [31:0] addr,
    input wire [511:0] data_in,
    output reg [511:0] data_out,
    input wire we,
    input wire [63:0] byte_en,
    input wire [3:0] bank
);

    // DDR5-like memory organization
    // 512 words x 512 bits = 256KB total memory
    reg [511:0] memory [0:511];
    
    // Clocking for DDR5-like behavior
    reg [511:0] data_out_reg;
    reg [31:0] addr_reg;
    reg we_reg;
    reg [63:0] byte_en_reg;
    reg [3:0] bank_reg;
    
    // DDR5-like read/write timing
    always @(posedge clk_p or negedge rst_n) begin
        if (!rst_n) begin
            data_out <= 512'h0;
        end else begin
            // Register inputs for DDR timing
            addr_reg <= addr;
            we_reg <= we;
            byte_en_reg <= byte_en;
            bank_reg <= bank;
            
            // Read operation
            if (!we_reg) begin
                data_out <= memory[addr_reg[8:0]];  // 512 words = 9-bit address
            end
            
            // Write operation with byte enables
            if (we_reg) begin
                for (integer i = 0; i < 64; i = i + 1) begin
                    if (byte_en_reg[i]) begin
                        memory[addr_reg[8:0]][(i*8)+7:(i*8)] <= data_in[(i*8)+7:(i*8)];
                    end
                end
            end
        end
    end
    
    // Output register for DDR timing
    always @(posedge clk_p or negedge rst_n) begin
        if (!rst_n) begin
            data_out_reg <= 512'h0;
        end else begin
            data_out_reg <= data_out;
        end
    end
    
    assign data_out = data_out_reg;

endmodule
```

### 3. `memory_controller.v` - High-speed memory controller with DDR5-like features:
```verilog
// memory_controller.v
`include "memory_controller_pkg.v"

module memory_controller (
    input wire clk,
    input wire rst_n,
    input wire req,
    input wire we,
    input wire [31:0] addr,
    input wire [511:0] data_in,
    output reg [511:0] data_out,
    output reg busy,
    output reg ready,
    output reg error,
    
    // DDR5 interface signals
    output reg [3:0] bank_out,
    output reg [511:0] ddr_data_out,
    output reg ddr_we,
    output reg ddr_req,
    input wire ddr_ready,
    input wire [511:0] ddr_data_in
);

    // State machine for memory controller
    reg [3:0] state, next_state;
    
    // Internal registers
    reg [31:0] internal_addr;
    reg [511:0] internal_data_in;
    reg internal_we;
    reg internal_req;
    reg [3:0] internal_bank;
    
    // DDR5 timing registers
    reg [511:0] read_buffer;
    reg [31:0] read_addr_buffer;
    reg [3:0] read_bank_buffer;
    
    // FSM states
    localparam IDLE     = 4'b0000;
    localparam READ_CMD = 4'b0001;
    localparam WRITE_CMD = 4'b0010;
    localparam WAIT_DATA = 4'b0011;
    localparam DONE     = 4'b0100;
    
    // State transition logic
    always @(posedge clk or negedge rst_n) begin
        if (!rst_n)
            state <= IDLE;
        else
            state <= next_state;
    end
    
    // Next state logic
    always @(*) begin
        case (state)
            IDLE: begin
                if (req) begin
                    if (we)
                        next_state = WRITE_CMD;
                    else
                        next_state = READ_CMD;
                end else
                    next_state = IDLE;
            end
            
            READ_CMD: begin
                next_state = WAIT_DATA;
            end
            
            WRITE_CMD: begin
                next_state = WAIT_DATA;
            end
            
            WAIT_DATA: begin
                if (ddr_ready)
                    next_state = DONE;
                else
                    next_state = WAIT_DATA;
            end
            
            DONE: begin
                next_state = IDLE;
            end
            
            default: next_state = IDLE;
        endcase
    end
    
    // State action logic
    always @(posedge clk or negedge rst_n) begin
        if (!rst_n) begin
            busy <= 1'b0;
            ready <= 1'b0;
            error <= 1'b0;
            ddr_req <= 1'b0;
            ddr_we <= 1'b0;
            bank_out <= 4'b0;
            internal_addr <= 32'h0;
            internal_data_in <= 512'h0;
            internal_we <= 1'b0;
            internal_req <= 1'b0;
        end else begin
            case (state)
                IDLE: begin
                    busy <= 1'b0;
                    ready <= 1'b0;
                    ddr_req <= 1'b0;
                    if (req) begin
                        internal_addr <= addr;
                        internal_data_in <= data_in;
                        internal_we <= we;
                        internal_req <= 1'b1;
                        busy <= 1'b1;
                        if (!we)
                            next_state <= READ_CMD;
                        else
                            next_state <= WRITE_CMD;
                    end
                end
                
                READ_CMD: begin
                    ddr_req <= 1'b1;
                    ddr_we <= 1'b0;
                    bank_out <= internal_addr[3:0];  // Bank selection
                    next_state <= WAIT_DATA;
                end
                
                WRITE_CMD: begin
                    ddr_req <= 1'b1;
                    ddr_we <= 1'b1;
                    bank_out <= internal_addr[3:0];
                    next_state <= WAIT_DATA;
                end
                
                WAIT_DATA: begin
                    if (ddr_ready) begin
                        ready <= 1'b1;
                        data_out <= ddr_data_in;
                        next_state <= DONE;
                    end
                end
                
                DONE: begin
                    busy <= 1'b0;
                    ready <= 1'b0;
                    ddr_req <= 1'b0;
                    next_state <= IDLE;
                end
            endcase
        end
    end

endmodule
```

### 4. `ddr5_interface.v` - DDR5-like interface module:
```verilog
// ddr5_interface.v
`include "memory_controller_pkg.v"

module ddr5_interface (
    input wire clk,
    input wire rst_n,
    
    // Host interface
    input wire [31:0] addr,
    input wire [511:0] data_in,
    input wire we,
    input wire req,
    
    output reg [511:0] data_out,
    output reg ready,
    output reg busy,
    
    // DDR5 memory interface
    output reg clk_out,
    output reg [31:0] ddr_addr,
    output reg [511:0] ddr_data_in,
    input wire [511:0] ddr_data_out,
    output reg ddr_we,
    output reg ddr_req,
    input wire ddr_ready
);

    // DDR5 clock generation (simplified for simulation)
    always @(posedge clk or negedge rst_n) begin
        if (!rst_n)
            clk_out <= 1'b0;
        else
            clk_out <= ~clk_out;  // Toggle clock for DDR effect
    end
    
    // Memory controller instance
    memory_controller mem_ctrl (
        .clk(clk),
        .rst_n(rst_n),
        .req(req),
        .we(we),
        .addr(addr),
        .data_in(data_in),
        .data_out(data_out),
        .busy(busy),
        .ready(ready),
        .error(),
        
        // DDR5 interface
        .bank_out(),
        .ddr_data_out(ddr_data_out),
        .ddr_we(ddr_we),
        .ddr_req(ddr_req),
        .ddr_ready(ddr_ready)
    );
    
    // Address and data routing
    always @(posedge clk or negedge rst_n) begin
        if (!rst_n) begin
            ddr_addr <= 32'h0;
            ddr_data_in <= 512'h0;
        end else begin
            if (req) begin
                ddr_addr <= addr;
                ddr_data_in <= data_in;
            end
        end
    end

endmodule
```

### 5. `clocking_module.v` - High-speed clocking for DDR5-like timing:
```verilog
// clocking_module.v
module clocking_module (
    input wire clk_in,
    input wire rst_n,
    
    output reg clk_p,
    output reg clk_n,
    
    // High-speed clock signals
    output reg [7:0] clk_div,
    output reg high_speed_clk
);

    // Generate DDR-like clock with phase shift
    always @(posedge clk_in or negedge rst_n) begin
        if (!rst_n) begin
            clk_p <= 1'b0;
            clk_n <= 1'b1;
            clk_div <= 8'h0;
            high_speed_clk <= 1'b0;
        end else begin
            // Clock phase generation
            clk_p <= ~clk_p;
            clk_n <= ~clk_n;
            
            // Clock division for timing control
            clk_div <= clk_div + 1;
            
            // High-speed clock for DDR operations
            high_speed_clk <= clk_in;
        end
    end

endmodule
```

### 6. `memory_controller_pkg.sv` - Package file:
```systemverilog
// memory_controller_pkg.sv
package memory_controller_pkg;
    
    parameter DATA_WIDTH = 512;
    parameter ADDR_WIDTH = 32;
    parameter BANK_WIDTH = 4;
    
    typedef enum {
        IDLE,
        READ_CMD,
        WRITE_CMD,
        WAIT_DATA,
        DONE
    } state_t;

endpackage
```

This implementation provides a high-speed memory controller with DDR5-like features:
1. **512-bit data width** supporting large data transfers
2. **32-bit address space** with 4-bit bank selection
3. **DDR-like timing** with clock phase generation
4. **Command queuing** and state management
5. **Byte-level write enables** for partial writes
6. **High-speed operation** with proper timing control

The design supports both read and write operations with proper DDR5-like interface behavior and can be easily integrated into larger systems requiring high-speed memory access.

   
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