In .NET (especially using C#), functions are typically defined as methods—named blocks of code that perform tasks, can take input, and optionally return a result. They’re essential for organizing and reusing logic.

🏗️ Basic Function Syntax

public int Add(int a, int b)
{
    return a + b;
}

• public: access modifier (others include private, protected, etc.)
• int: return type
• Add: function name
• (int a, int b): parameters
• return: sends result back

Call it like:

int result = Add(3, 4);  // result is 7

🧠 Void Functions (No Return)

public void Greet(string name)
{
    Console.WriteLine($"Hello, {name}!");
}

✨ Overloaded Functions

Same name, different parameters:

public void Print(string text) { Console.WriteLine(text); }
public void Print(int number) { Console.WriteLine(number); }

🎯 Static vs. Instance Functions

• Static: belong to the class

  public static void SayHi() { Console.WriteLine("Hi"); }
  

• Instance: belong to objects

  myDog.Speak();  // assuming Speak() is a method on a Dog instance
  

🧩 Optional and Named Parameters

public void SendEmail(string to, string subject = "No Subject") { ... }

SendEmail("someone@example.com");  // uses default subject

🌐 Async Functions

For non-blocking tasks like web calls:

public async Task<string> FetchDataAsync()
{
    // async logic here
}